This is the current affairs 24 & 25 June 2026. Here are questions and answers of daily current affairs for better preparation of competitive exams for government jobs.
1. ‘Super El Niño’ is a climate phenomenon related to which ocean, whose impact is also visible on India?
a. Atlantic Ocean
b. Indian Ocean
c. Pacific Ocean
d. Arctic Ocean
Answer: c. Pacific Ocean
– Due to El Niño, rainfall remained approximately 43% below normal up to June 2026.
– The Central Government has assessed that 315 districts are vulnerable, and 111 districts across 12 states are particularly affected because of poor irrigation facilities.
Difference between El Niño and La Niña
– El Niño is the phenomenon of the abnormal warming of the Pacific Ocean waters, which causes drought conditions in India, whereas La Niña is the opposite phenomenon of the abnormal cooling of the Pacific Ocean waters, which brings abundant rainfall to India.
What is Super El Niño?
– Normally, El Niño is the phenomenon of an abnormal increase in the sea surface temperature in the Equatorial Pacific Region.
When this temperature anomaly reaches +2°C or higher than normal, it is called ‘Super El Niño’ or ‘Very Strong El Niño’.
It is the extreme phase of the ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) cycle. Historically, devastating Super El Niño events occurred during 1982–83, 1997–98, and 2015–16.
Why does Super El Niño occur?
– Under normal conditions, the Trade Winds push warm ocean water across the Pacific Ocean from the east (Peru coast) towards the west (Indonesia/Australia).
– However, during El Niño, these winds become extremely weak or even reverse their direction.
– As a result, the Warm Pool shifts eastward, causing sea surface temperatures near the coast of Peru to rise significantly.
– Due to Global Warming, the baseline temperature of the oceans has increased, making El Niño events more intense and transforming them into Super El Niño.
When does Super El Niño occur?
– It is not a fixed calendar event, but occurs irregularly every 3 to 7 years.
– Generally, the process begins during summer (March–April) and reaches its peak during winter (December–January).
Impact of Super El Niño on India
Impact on the Economy
– Weak Monsoon and Kharif Crop Crisis.
– Food Inflation
– Slowdown in the Rural Economy
– Pressure on the Energy Sector
Impact on the Environment
– Water Crisis and Groundwater Depletion
– Severe Heatwaves
– Loss of Biodiversity
Impact on Society and Demography
– Rural-to-Urban Migration
– Decline in Public Health and Labour Productivity
– Drinking Water Crisis
————–
2. Which of the following days is celebrated on 25 June?
a. Martyrs’ Day
b. Emergency Day
c. Constitution Murder Day
d. Anti-Sikh Riots Day
Answer: c. Constitution Murder Day
– On 25 June 1975, the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi declared the Emergency in the country.
– It remained in force for 21 months, until 21 March 1977.
– The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) observes this day as Constitution Murder Day.
– Thereafter, a two-minute silence was observed as a tribute to the victims of the Emergency.
————–
3. The Indori Malvi potato of which state received the GI Tag?
a. Madhya Pradesh
b. Uttar Pradesh
c. Punjab
d. Himachal Pradesh
Answer: a. Madhya Pradesh
– It was awarded on 13 June 2026.
– The Indori Malvi potato contains very low levels of sugar and starch.
– It is white in colour.
– Even after frying, it naturally retains its white colour, making it ideal for chips and French fries.
– It is a major source of dietary fibre, vitamins (C and B6), potassium, and carbohydrates.
– Due to its low starch content, it is the preferred choice of major food-processing companies such as PepsiCo, ITC, and McCain.
– This potato is used in Indore’s famous street foods such as Poha, Aloo Chaat, Aloo Bada, and Khopra Patties.
————–
4. ‘Garadu’, the famous winter delicacy of which region of Madhya Pradesh, has received the GI Tag?
a. Bundelkhand
b. Malwa
c. Ujjain
d. Nimar Region
Answer: b. Malwa
– Garadu, cultivated in Ratlam district, is popular among food lovers because of the region’s unique climate, soil, and traditional farming methods.
– Garadu is a starchy tuber.
– It is generally deep-fried.
– It is served with spices and a little lemon juice.
————–
5. The Balam cucumber of the Sailana region, belonging to which district and state, received the GI Tag?
a. Ludhiana, Punjab
b. Raigarh, Chhattisgarh
c. Ratlam, Madhya Pradesh
d. Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand
Answer: c. Ratlam, Madhya Pradesh
– Sailana Balam Cucumber (Balam Kakdi) is known for its excellent quality, distinctive taste, and large size.
– It is a major traditional crop of the Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh, particularly the Sailana area of Ratlam district.
– It is highly preferred for its high moisture content and excellent taste.
– The GI Tag will help local tribal farmers receive better prices and greater recognition in the international market.
————–
6. Which Union Minister of State resigned from the Union Council of Ministers in June 2026 after the completion of his term in the Rajya Sabha?
a. George Kurian
b. Shripad Yesso Naik
c. B. L. Verma
d. Satish Chandra Dubey
Answer: a. George Kurian
– Union Minister of State George Kurian resigned from the Union Council of Ministers on 23 June 2026.
– However, the reason for his resignation was not disclosed.
– The 65-year-old George Kurian served as the Minister of State in the Ministry of Minority Affairs and the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying during the third term of the Modi Government.
– He had been a Rajya Sabha Member from Madhya Pradesh since August 2024.
– His Rajya Sabha term ended on 21 June 2026.
– Kurian is one of the senior BJP leaders from Kerala.
– It is believed that he was not given another opportunity due to the party’s performance in the recent Kerala Assembly elections not being as expected.
Used to Translate Speeches into Malayalam
– George Kurian belongs to the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church, a major Christian denomination in Kerala.
– During election campaigns, he frequently translated the speeches of Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Home Minister Amit Shah into Malayalam.
What the Constitution Says
– According to Article 75(5) of the Constitution, a person may continue to serve as a Minister for six months even if he or she is not a Member of Parliament.
– Therefore, George Kurian did not immediately lose his ministerial position after his Rajya Sabha membership ended. During this period, he was required to become a member of either the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha.
– If he failed to become an MP within six months, he would have to resign from the post of Minister.
————-
7. In June 2026, which player created the record of becoming the highest goal scorer in the history of the FIFA World Cup?
a. Jonathan Tah
b. Lionel Messi
c. Lautaro Martínez
d. Miroslav Klose
Answer: b. Lionel Messi
– Argentina captain Lionel Messi scored his 17th World Cup goal against Austria on 22 June 2026.
– He broke the record of Miroslav Klose of Germany, who had scored 16 goals.
– Later in the match, he scored another goal, taking his total to 18 goals.
– At the age of 38, Lionel Messi became the third player in the world to score in six consecutive FIFA World Cup matches.
– He equalled the record of Just Fontaine of France and Jairzinho of Brazil.
– Messi also surpassed his long-time rival Cristiano Ronaldo to become the oldest player to score a World Cup hat-trick.
– Ronaldo had achieved this feat in 2018 at the age of 33.
– Messi also registered his 11th hat-trick in the Argentina jersey.
– By surpassing Ronaldo’s record of 10 hat-tricks, he became the player with the most hat-tricks in men’s international football.
————–
8. Which of the following status was granted by the Central Government to the oil refining company Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited (CPCL)?
a. Navratna
b. Maharatna
c. Private Maharatna
d. None of these
Answer: a. Navratna
– CPCL has become the 28th Navratna Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) in the country.
– After receiving approval from the Ministry of Finance, CPCL has now joined the select group of government companies that enjoy greater autonomy in taking major decisions related to investment, expansion, and fund raising.
– The company recorded an annual turnover of approximately ₹59,400 crore during the financial year 2025–26.
‘Navratna’ Status
– It is a special recognition granted by the Government of India to Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) on the basis of their outstanding financial performance and strong market position.
– This status grants companies complete financial and operational autonomy to expand globally and make major investment decisions.
– Navratna companies have the authority to invest up to 15% of their net worth or ₹1,000 crore, whichever is lower for a single project, without prior approval from the Central Government.
– They may establish Joint Ventures, Strategic Alliances, and Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries, both domestically and internationally, without seeking government approval.
– This status enhances the company’s market credibility, helping it emerge as a major multinational enterprise in the global market.
– To qualify for Navratna status, a government company must already hold Miniratna Category-I status.
– The company must also have received an ‘Excellent’ or ‘Very Good’ Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) rating in at least three of the previous five years.
————–
9. Physicist François Englert passed away on 18 June 2026. He was jointly awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics along with Peter Higgs for the discovery of which of the following?
a. The theory of black holes
b. Quantum entanglement
c. The discovery of gravitational waves
d. The theory related to the discovery of the Higgs Boson particle
Answer: d. The theory related to the discovery of the Higgs Boson particle
– The 93-year-old François Englert, along with Robert Brout, developed the theoretical mechanism in 1964 that explains how fundamental particles acquire mass.
– This prediction became the foundation for the discovery of the Higgs Boson (also known as the God Particle).
– For this discovery, he was jointly awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics with the British physicist Peter Higgs.
– He was born on 6 November 1932 in Etterbeek, Belgium.
About the Higgs Boson (God Particle)
Higgs Field
– Englert and Higgs proposed that an invisible energy field, known as the Higgs Field, exists throughout the universe.
– When fundamental particles (such as quarks and electrons) pass through this field, they interact with it.
– It is this interaction that gives particles their inertia or mass.
– The more a particle interacts with the Higgs Field, the heavier it becomes.
– For example, a photon does not interact with the Higgs Field at all, which is why it is massless.
Higgs Boson
– The Higgs Boson is the quantum excitation (particle) of the Higgs Field.
– It came to be popularly known as the “God Particle” because, without it, the existence of matter, stars, or life in the universe would not have been possible.
The Great Experiment: CERN and Confirmation
– Although the theory was proposed in 1964, it took nearly 48 years to prove it experimentally.
– On 4 July 2012, the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the world’s largest machine at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) in Geneva, Switzerland, confirmed the discovery of a new subatomic particle with a mass of 125–126 GeV, which was identified as the Higgs Boson.
– At the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the Higgs Boson cannot be observed directly. Instead, its existence is confirmed through the pattern of other subatomic particles produced after its decay.
————–
10. When is the United Nations Public Service Day celebrated?
a. 21 June
b. 22 June
c. 23 June
d. 24 June
Answer: c. 23 June
– This day has been declared by the United Nations.
– It is dedicated to recognizing the importance of public services and appreciating the people who work in them.
————–
11. When is International Widows Day observed?
a. 21 June
b. 22 June
c. 23 June
d. 24 June
Answer: c. 23 June
– This day was officially recognized by the United Nations General Assembly in 2011.
Why International Widows Day?
– This day is observed to create awareness about improving the condition of widows and providing them with greater opportunities.
– In fact, widows, particularly in developing countries, often experience discrimination, social isolation, and economic hardship after the death of their husbands.
– They may face barriers in inheriting property, accessing education and healthcare, and participating in the workforce. As a result, many widows and their children become trapped in a cycle of poverty and marginalization.
PDF Download: Click here
