This is the current affairs of 30 April & 1 May 2025. Here are questions and answers of daily current affairs for better preparation of competitive exams for government jobs.
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1. The central government decided to include caste count in the census, when was such a census conducted before this?
a. 1931
b. 1947
c. 1971
d. 2001
Answer: a. 1931
– The Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, has decided that the upcoming census in India will include a caste-based count.
– The Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs also includes Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, Home Minister Amit Shah, Road Transport Minister Nitin Gadkari, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, and Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal.
– In India, the last caste-based census was conducted in 1931 during British rule.
Census to be conducted in digital mode for the first time
– The upcoming census will be conducted in digital mode for the first time.
– According to the latest government data, the central list includes around 2,650 OBC communities (castes), 1,170 in the SC category, and 890 in the ST list.
– However, state governments maintain their own lists of OBC groups.
– The central and state OBC lists may be merged to prepare a code directory.
– Alongside the Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) columns, an “Other” column may be added with a drop-down code directory of caste names.
– Software testing for the caste-based census is currently underway.
When will the caste census be held?
– Typically, the census is conducted every 10 years. The last one was held in 2011.
– The next census was scheduled for 2021 but was postponed indefinitely.
– Initially, the reason given was the COVID-19 pandemic, but it continued to be delayed afterward.
– However, the government has previously stated that the census work will begin in 2025.
Has there been no caste census since 1931?
– Caste-based censuses were conducted from 1881 to 1931, and their reports were published.
– In 1941, caste data was collected, but it was never made public.
– There was a demand to include caste in the 2011 census, but this did not happen.
– However, the government conducted a separate caste-based survey in 2011 called the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC).
– This survey was conducted by the Ministry of Rural Development and the Ministry of Urban Development. Its purpose was to assess the socio-economic status, identify the poor, and record caste details.
– After the survey was completed, the central government did not officially release the caste data, citing numerous errors.
– However, since independence, data on Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) has consistently been collected in every census. Based on this data, reservations have been provided in legislatures (Parliament and State Assemblies).
Which states have conducted caste-based surveys?
1. Karnataka (2015):
– A Social and Educational Survey was conducted. The report was prepared but never made public by the government.
2. Bihar (2022–2023):
– A Caste Survey was conducted. Bihar became the first state to officially release caste-wise population data since 1931.
– The 2023 Bihar caste survey revealed that OBCs and Extremely Backward Classes (EBCs) make up over 63% of the state’s total population.
3. Telangana (2024):
– A Social, Economic, and Caste Survey was conducted. The data showed the population distribution as follows:
– OBCs: 56.33%
– Scheduled Castes (SC): 17.43%
– Scheduled Tribes (ST): 10.45%
– General category: 13.31%
– Muslim community: 12.56% (of which 2.48% fall under OCs – Other Castes)
What are the benefits of a caste-based census?
– It helps identify the educational, social, political, and economic conditions of people from different castes.
– Accurate data allows for the creation of effective and targeted public policies.
– In 1980, the Mandal Commission faced its biggest challenge in estimating the OBC population because the last caste census was conducted in 1931.
– Based on the 1931 data, the Mandal Commission estimated that OBCs made up 52% of the population and submitted its report accordingly.
– As a result, 27% reservation was implemented for OBCs in education and government jobs.
– Many social and economic policies are influenced by this data.
The Opposition Campaigned for a Caste-Based Census
– Most opposition parties have been vocal in their support for a caste-based census.
– Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha, Rahul Gandhi, repeatedly emphasized in public rallies the slogan: “Proportionate rights based on population.”
– Regional parties such as the RJD (Rashtriya Janata Dal), Samajwadi Party, and several others had also demanded a caste census.
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2. When is Ayushman Bharat Diwas celebrated?
a. 29 April
b. 30 April
c. 1 May
d. 2 May
Answer: b. 30 April
– The purpose of this day is to emphasize the importance of healthcare services for all citizens.
– The Ayushman Bharat Scheme covers the entire family with a health insurance amount of ₹5 lakh.
– It is a paperless and cashless scheme.
– This scheme was launched in the year 2018.
– It is the world’s largest government-funded health insurance program, providing free medical treatment access to over 500 million people from low-income families.
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3. Who is the new chairman of the National Security Advisory Board (NSAB)?
a. Alok Puranik
b. Rajendra Pal
c. Ashok Verma
d. Alok Joshi
Answer: d. Alok Joshi
– On April 30, 2025, the Central Government restructured the National Security Advisory Board (NSAB).
– This restructuring took place after a terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir.
National Security Advisory Board (NSAB)
– Chairman: Alok Joshi – Former Chief of the Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW)
– Members: Retired Air Marshal P.M. Sinha, Retired Lieutenant General A.K. Singh, Retired Rear Admiral Monty Khanna, Former IPS officer Rajiv Ranjan Verma, Manmohan Singh & Former IFS officer Venkatesh Verma
What is the National Security Advisory Board?
– It was established on November 19, 1998.
– Its headquarters are located within the National Security Council Secretariat (NSCS) in New Delhi.
– The NSAB is a body that advises the Government of India on major national security issues.
– It formulates long-term strategies and provides recommendations to the National Security Council (NSC).
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National Security Council Secretariat (NSCS)
– The NSCS is an executive government agency responsible for advising the Prime Minister’s Office on matters related to national security and strategic interests. It was established on – November 19, 1998, by former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, with Brajesh Mishra as the first National Security Advisor (NSA).
– The NSCS is the apex body in India’s three-tier national security management structure and exercises its powers through the National Security Council Secretariat.
Key Positions in the NSCS
– NSA (National Security Advisor): Ajit Doval
– Additional NSA: Rajinder Khanna (former R&AW Chief)
– Deputy NSAs:
– Pavan Kapoor
– T.V. Ravichandran
– Pankaj Kumar Singh
– Military Advisor: Air Marshal (Retd.) Sandeep Singh – former Vice Chief of the Indian Air Force
– National Maritime Security Coordinator: Vice Admiral (Retd.) G. Ashok Kumar – former Vice Chief of the Indian Navy
Members of the National Security Council
– Chief of Defence Staff: General Anil Chauhan
– Defence Minister: Rajnath Singh
– External Affairs Minister: S. Jaishankar
– Home Minister: Amit Shah
– Finance Minister: Nirmala Sitharaman
– Vice Chairman of NITI Aayog: Suman Bery
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4. Who is the youngest player to score a century in IPL and the second fastest batsman to score a century?
a. Yusuf Pathan
b. Abhishek Sharma
c. Vaibhav Suryavanshi
d. Ajay Verma
Answer: c. Vaibhav Suryavanshi
– Vaibhav Suryavanshi is 14 years old and hails from Samastipur district in Bihar.
– He is playing for the Rajasthan Royals team in the IPL.
– On April 28, 2025, he made history by scoring a century in just 35 balls against Gujarat Titans.
– Vaibhav has become the youngest player to score a century in IPL history.
– He is now the second-fastest century scorer in IPL history.
– The fastest remains Chris Gayle, who scored a century in 30 balls in 2013.
– Among Indian batsmen, Vaibhav now holds the record for the fastest century in IPL.
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5. When is International Labour Day or May Day celebrated?
a. 1 May
b. 2 May
c. 3 May
d. 4 May
Answer: a. 1 May
– This day is observed in remembrance of the early labor movement celebrations that took place between 1880 and 1890.
– The main objective of celebrating this day is to honor the achievements of workers and to recognize their contributions.
– It is also meant to unite workers, strengthen solidarity, and raise awareness about their rights.
– In fact, the roots of Labor Day are linked to a workers’ movement in the United States in 1886.
– The rights we have today—such as the 8-hour workday and one day off per week—are outcomes of this movement.
– During the 1880s, a period of industrialization in the U.S. and other Western countries, laborers were made to work up to 15 hours a day.
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6. When is International Jazz Day celebrated?
a. 28 April
b. 30 April
c. 1 May
d. 2 May
Answer: b. 30 April
– The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) declared this day in 2011 as an opportunity to recognize the importance of jazz music and bring people together from all walks of life to give it a voice.
– Jazz is a musical genre rooted in Western civilization. It is especially popular in America and South African countries. The most important instrument in the jazz music genre is the saxophone.
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7. Which e-commerce company will launch its first Kuiper Internet satellite in April 2025?
a. Flipkart
b. Amazon
c. Indiamart
d. Alibaba
Answer: b. Amazon
– Amazon launched 27 satellites of its Kuiper Project on April 28, 2025, from the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida, USA.
– These 27 satellites were launched using a United Launch Alliance (ULA) Atlas V rocket.
Note: The company stated that if everything goes according to plan, they will begin providing services to customers by the end of this year.
What is the Kuiper Project?
– The Kuiper Project is a major initiative by Amazon aimed at providing broadband internet access worldwide by sending several satellites into low Earth orbit (LEO).
How many satellites are planned to be launched?
– This launch is the first part of the Kuiper Project, in which Amazon plans to send 3,236 satellites into low Earth orbit.
– The project began in 2019 and is expected to cost around $10 billion.
– The goal is to provide fast internet access to people, companies, and government institutions worldwide, particularly in areas where internet access has been limited or unavailable.
– This project will compete with SpaceX’s Starlink, though Starlink has already gained traction with its business and attracted a large number of users.
How High Will the Satellites Go?
– Initially, these satellites will be launched about 450 kilometers above Earth and will gradually reach their designated altitude of 630 kilometers over the next few weeks.
– Within hours or days of deployment, initial contact with each satellite is expected to be confirmed from Amazon’s Mission Control Center in Redmond, Washington.
How Many Starlink Satellites Are Deployed?
– According to Space.com News, as of March 28, 2025, there are 7,135 Starlink satellites in orbit, of which 7,105 are operational.
– The first 60 Starlink satellites were launched on May 23, 2019, aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket.
Amazon.com Inc
– Founder: Jeff Bezos
– Founded: July 5, 1994
– Headquarters: Seattle, Washington, USA
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8. Shaji N Karun, veteran of which language cinema, passed away on 28 April 2025?
a. Hindi
b. Bengali
c. Kannada
d. Malayalam
Answer: d. Malayalam
– He passed away on April 28, 2025, in Thiruvananthapuram at the age of 73.
– He had been battling cancer for a long time.
– During his five decades of active involvement in cinema, he made only six films and worked on the cinematography of approximately 30 films.
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9. In which country did Indian-origin Kamla Persad Bissessar party win the elections and she will become Prime Minister for the second time?
a. Tongo
b. Trinidad and Tobago
c. Malaysia
d. Maldives
Answer: b. Trinidad and Tobago
– This country is located in the Caribbean Sea region.
– Her party, the United National Congress, won the parliamentary elections of this twin-island Caribbean country in April 2025.
– Previously, she served in this position between 2010 and 2015.
– Kamla Persad-Bissessar, aged 73, is the only woman in the history of Trinidad and Tobago to serve as Prime Minister twice.
– Her ancestors were from the Buxar district in Bihar.
– It is said that her great-grandfather, Ramlakhan Mishra, was forcibly brought to Trinidad and Tobago by the British for indentured labor.
Trinidad and Tobago
– Trinidad and Tobago is a dual-island Caribbean nation located near Venezuela.
– President: Christine Carla Kangalu ORTT
– Capital: Port of Spain
– Currency: Trinidad and Tobago Dollar
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10. Which of the following history was removed from NCERT’s Class VII textbook?
a. Mughals
b. Delhi Sultanate
c. Magadha
d. Both a and b
Answer: d. Both a and b (Mughals and Delhi Sultanate)
– NCERT’s seventh-grade textbook has undergone significant changes. Now, students will no longer study the history of the Mughal Empire and Delhi Sultanate.
– In place of this, new chapters on ancient Indian dynasties such as Magadh, Maurya, Shunga, and Satavahana, with a focus on Indian values and culture, will be included in the Social Science book titled “Study of Society: India and Beyond”. Additionally, new chapters centered around government initiatives like Mahakumbh, Geography, Make in India, and Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao will be introduced.
– NCERT officials mentioned that this is the first part of the textbook, and the second part is expected to be released in the upcoming months.
– They did not comment on whether the omitted sections will be retained in the second part of the book.
– The Mahakumbh Mela held earlier this year in Prayagraj is also mentioned in the book. It highlights how 66 crore people participated in the Mahakumbh.
– However, there is no mention of the stampede incident in which 30 pilgrims lost their lives and several others were injured. The new textbook also includes references to government initiatives like Make in India, Beti Bachao Beti Padhao, and the Atal Tunnel.
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