This is the current affairs of 27 to 31 May 2025. Here are questions and answers of daily current affairs for better preparation of competitive exams for government jobs.
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1. Indian Navy reconstructed ship based on 5th century Ajanta paintings, name it?
a. INSV Ajanta
b. INSV Tarini
c. INSV Kaundinya
d. INSV Sarayu
Answer: c. INSV Kaundinya
– On May 21, the Indian Navy inducted an ancient sewn ship into its fleet during a formal ceremony held at the Naval Base, Karwar, and named it INSV Kaundinya.
– The chief guest of the ceremony was Gajendra Singh Shekhawat.
– INSV Kaundinya is a sewn sail (a tensile structure) ship based on a 5th-century vessel depicted in the paintings of the Ajanta caves.
When did the construction and launching of the ship begin?
– This project was initiated under a tripartite agreement between the Ministry of Culture, the Indian Navy, and Hodi Innovation.
– The Ministry of Culture provided financial assistance (funding) for the project.
– The keel of the ship (a long piece of wood or metal laid along the bottom of the ship’s hull) was laid in September 2023, marking the beginning of construction.
– Skilled artisans from Kerala built the ship using traditional sewing techniques.
– For several months, the team used coir ropes, coconut fibers, and natural resin to join and sew wooden planks to prepare the ship.
– The ship was launched in February 2025 in Goa.
Important Features
– The ship’s sails feature designs of Gandaberunda (a mythical divine bird) and the sun.
– At the ship’s bow (front part), there is a carved lion yali.
– On the deck, there is a stone anchor made in the Harappan style.
– All these elements reflect the rich maritime traditions of ancient India.
– The ship is named after Kaundinya.
– Kaundinya was a great Indian navigator who crossed the Indian Ocean and traveled to Southeast Asia.
– Yali means a mythical creature depicted as a mix of a lion, elephant, and other animals.
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2. When is World Turtle Day celebrated?
a. 20 May
b. 21 May
c. 22 May
d. 23 May
Answer: d. 23 May
Theme 2025
– Participate in Beach Cleanups
– This day is celebrated across the world to raise awareness among people to protect turtles and their vanishing habitats.
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3. Which village was declared India’s first Mahout village?
a. Theppakadu
b. Yarlang
c. Tiruppur
d. Tirunelveli
Answer: a. Theppakadu (located in Nilgiri district of Tamil Nadu)
Mahout means: A person who trains, handles and drives an elephant
– The Mahavat Village was inaugurated by Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M.K. Stalin in May 2025.
– This village has been established at the Theppakadu Elephant Camp in the Mudumalai Tiger Reserve located in Tamil Nadu’s Nilgiri district.
– The settlement is for the mahavats (elephant caretakers) and ‘Kavadi’ families who look after the elephants. For centuries, they had been living in old, dilapidated, and poor condition houses.
How many houses were built?
– According to The Economic Times, for the first time in India, 44 houses have been built for elephant mahavats at a cost of ₹5.6 crore.
– These houses have facilities including drinking water, toilets, and playgrounds for children. Each house is named after elephants that died while working in Mudumalai.
Mudumalai Tiger Reserve
– Situated in Nilgiri district, the Mudumalai Tiger Reserve spreads across an area of approximately 681 square kilometers.
– This forest area is the natural habitat for many wildlife species including elephants, tigers, leopards, bears, buffaloes, and deer.
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4. In which state have researchers discovered a unique cave fish species?
a. Meghalaya
b. Manipur
c. Odisha
d. Tripura
Answer: a. Meghalaya
– In May 2025, scientists from Guwahati University and Lady Keane College, Shillong discovered a new species of fish in a cave in Meghalaya.
– Meghalaya’s Chief Minister Conrad Sangma said this discovery is proof of the unique biodiversity of the entire state.
About the Cave Fish
– This is the sixth new species of cave fish found in Northeast India.
– The fish was found inside the cave in pools of water about 60 meters deep and flowing water.
– It was named ‘Densikalava’ due to the thick black line on its tail.
– The fish has yellow-green barbels and eyes, which is unusual.
– Typically, cave-dwelling fish do not have eyes.
– This is why the fish is considered special.
– It is the only fish that can adapt to two different environments.
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5. When is World Thyroid Day observed?
a. 25 May
b. 26 May
c. 27 May
d. 28 May
Answer: a. 25 May
– Thyroid is a butterfly shaped gland, which is present in the lower part of the neck.
– Weight gain and loss occurs due to deficiency of thyroid hormone.
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6. The joint military exercise “Nomadic Elephant 2025” was held between India and which country in May and June 2025?
a. Mongolia
b. Japan
c. USA
d. France
Answer: a. Mongolia (held in Ulaanbaatar)
– The purpose of this exercise is to enhance mutual coordination between the two armies so that they can work better together in semi-conventional operations in urban/hilly areas under the United Nations.
About Nomadic Elephant 2025
– When: From May 31 to June 13, 2025
– Where: Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
– Between: India and Mongolia (held alternately every year)
– Edition: 17th edition (the previous edition was held at Umroi, Meghalaya)
– The Indian contingent consists of 45 soldiers, mainly from a battalion of Arunachal Scouts.
– Mongolia’s contingent is of similar size, represented by the 150 Special Forces Unit.
Mongolia
– Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia.
– President: Ukhnaagiin Khurelsukh
– Capital: Ulaanbaatar
– Population: 3.5 million (approximately 35 lakh)
– Language: Mongolian
– Currency: Tögrög
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7. When is Africa Day celebrated?
a. 21 May
b. 22 May
c. 23 May
d. 25 May
Answer: d. 25 May
– On this day, 25 May 1963, the Organization of African Unity (OAU) was established, which later became the African Union (AU) in 1999.
African Union
– Headquarters: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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8. Who became the youngest Indian mountaineer to complete the Seven Summits Challenge?
a. Kamya Karthikeyan
b. Vishwanath Karthikeya Padkanti
c. Arjun Bajpai
d. Harshit Saumitra
Answer: b. Vishwanath Karthikeya Padkanti (16 years) [He is from Hyderabad.]
– Vishwanath Kartikeya Padakanti began his journey from Mount Rudugaira in Uttarakhand at the age of 11.
– His last climb, Mount Everest (8,849 meters), was completed on May 27, 2025, which he had started in 2022.
– Before him, in 2024, 17-year-old Kamya Kartikeyan had completed climbs on all seven continents. Vishwanath Kartikeya Padakanti, at 16 years old, surpassed her.
– The global record is held by Jordan Romero of the USA, who achieved this feat at the age of 15 in 2011.
Seven Summits (Peaks of the Seven Continents)
1. Mount Everest (Asia)
Location: Greater Himalayas on Nepal-Tibet (China) border
Height: 8,849 meters (29,032 feet), the tallest peak in the world.
2. Aconcagua (South America)
Location: Argentina, Southern Andes Mountains
Height: 6,961 meters (22,838 feet).
3. Mount Denali (North America)
Location: Alaska, United States of America (USA)
Height: 6,190 meters (20,310 feet).
4. Mount Elbrus (Europe)
Location: Caucasus Mountain Range, Russia
Height: 5,642 meters (18,510 feet).
5. Mount Kilimanjaro (Africa)
Location: Tanzania, Africa
Height: 5,895 meters (19,340 feet).
6. Mount Kosciuszko (Australia)
Location: Snowy Mountains, New South Wales, Australia
Height: 2,228 meters (7,310 feet).
7. Mount Vinson (Antarctica)
Location: Ellsworth Mountains, Sentinel Range, Western Antarctica
Height: 4,892 meters (16,050 feet).
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9. When is International Missing Children’s Day Observed?
a. 22 May
b. 23 May
c. 24 May
d. 25 May
Answer: d. 25 May
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10. Where will the Asian Weightlifting Championship 2026 be held in India?
a. New Delhi
b. Lucknow
c. Ahmedabad
d. Jaipur
Answer: c. Ahmedabad
Note: Originally, the tournament was to be held in Gandhinagar, but due to better facilities, it was relocated to Ahmedabad.
– The Indian Weightlifting Federation (IWLF) confirmed on May 28, 2025, that the 2026 Asian Weightlifting Championship will be held in Ahmedabad from April 1 to 10, 2026.
– India will host the Asian Weightlifting Championship after 44 years.
– India last hosted the event in 1982, which took place in New Delhi.
Indian Weightlifting Federation (IWLF)
– President: Sahdev Yadav
– Established: 1935
– Headquarters: New Delhi, India
– Function: To promote and manage the sport of weightlifting in India.
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11. When is the International Week of Solidarity with the Peoples of Non-Self-Governing Territories observed?
a. 19 to 26 May
b. 22 to 28 May
c. 25 to 31 May
d. 25 to 31 June
Answer: c. 25 to 31 May
– This day is declared by the United Nations.
– The United Nations defines a non-self-governing territory as a place where the people have not yet achieved full self-government.
– The UN Charter states that the interests of the inhabitants of non-self-governing territories are paramount, and promoting their well-being is the responsibility of the administering powers.
– This week encourages nations to support measures that protect the property rights of people in these territories.
– It also sends a message against colonization—in other words, it promotes anti-colonization.
Status of Anti-Colonization Efforts in the UN
– However, this week has largely become a formality.
– While the UN Charter advocates for decolonization, there have been no major updates on the UN website regarding decolonization since 2016. Even the data and maps available are only up to that year.
– According to the UN (as of 2016), the following are considered colonies or non-self-governing territories:
Africa
– Western Sahara – Under Spanish control until 1975. Now largely administered by Morocco, with tacit support from France and the USA.
Atlantic and Caribbean Territories
Anguilla – UK
Bermuda – UK
British Virgin Islands – UK
Cayman Islands – UK
Falkland Islands – UK (also claimed by Argentina)
US Virgin Islands – USA
Europe
Gibraltar – UK
Pacific Region
American Samoa – USA
French Polynesia – France
Guam – USA
New Caledonia – France
Pitcairn Islands – UK
Tokelau – New Zealand
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12. Coal imports in India declined by 7.9% to how many million tonnes (MT) during FY 2024-25?
a. 190.62 million tonnes (MT)
b. 203.33 million tonnes (MT)
c. 243.62 million tonnes (MT)
d. 250.20 million tonnes (MT)
Answer: c. 243.62 million tonnes (MT)
– In the previous financial year (2023–24), coal imports stood at 264.53 million tonnes.
– As a result of the reduction in coal imports, there was a foreign exchange saving of approximately $7.93 billion (₹60,681.67 crore).
– According to the Press Information Bureau (PIB), this information was released on May 27.
Sharp Decline in Coal Imports for Thermal Power Plants
– The Ministry of Coal stated that although coal-based power generation increased by 3.04% in 2024–25 compared to the previous year, coal imports for use in thermal power plants dropped significantly by 41.4%.
Note: The Government of India launched several initiatives to boost coal production and reduce imports, leading to a 5% increase in domestic coal production in 2024–25.
– Union Minister for Coal and Mines: G. Kishan Reddy
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13. When is the International Day of UN Peacekeepers observed?
a. 28 May
b. 29 May
c. 30 May
d. 31 May
Answer: b. 29 May
Theme 2025
– The Future of Peacekeeping
– Since 1948, more than 2 million uniformed and civilian personnel have helped countries transition from war to peace.
– On May 29, 1948, the first United Nations peacekeeping mission, the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO), began its operations in Palestine.
– UN peacekeepers are also known as Blue Helmets.
India’s Contribution to UN Peacekeeping
– Currently, around 5,900 Indian troops are deployed in 12 United Nations missions.
– So far, India has contributed approximately 275,000 troops to peacekeeping operations.
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14. Who became the new President of Romania?
a. Simana Halep
b. Nicusor Dan
c. George Enescu
d. George Simion
Answer: b. Nicusor Dan
– He took oath as President on 26 May 2025.
– He is the sixth President of Romania.
– A few days before the swearing-in, he won 53.6 percent of the votes in the presidential election. He defeated George Simion, the leader of the Romanian Union coalition.
Romania
– It is a southeastern European country.
– It is the 12th largest country in Europe.
– Population: Approximately 1 crore 90 lakhs.
– President: Nicusor Dan
– Capital: Bucharest
– Language: Romanian
– Currency: Romanian Leu (RON)
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15. When is Hindi Journalism Day celebrated?
a. 29 May
b. 30 May
c. 31 May
d. 01 May
Answer: b. 30 May
– The first newspaper in Hindi language named ‘Udant Martand’ was published on 30 May 1826.
– For this reason, Hindi Journalism Day is celebrated on this day.
– ‘Udant Martand’ was started by Pandit Jugal Kishore Shukla as a weekly newspaper from Calcutta. He himself was its publisher and editor.
World Press Freedom Day: 3 May
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16. Which Indian created a world record by throwing 61.17 meters in the men’s javelin throw F42 category at the World Para Athletics Grand Prix?
a. Mahendra Gurjar
b. Sumit Antil
c. Navdeep Singh
d. Rinku Hooda
Answer: a. Mahendra Gurjar (27-year-old Indian para-athlete)
– In May 2025, during the World Para Athletics Grand Prix held in Switzerland, Mahendra Gurjar set a new world record.
– On his third attempt, Mahendra Gurjar achieved a 61.17-meter throw, breaking the world record and winning the gold medal.
– He broke the previous record of 59.19 meters set in 2022 by Roberto Floreani Adenilson of Brazil.
What is the F42 Category?
– The F42 category is for athletes who have reduced movement in one leg.
Note: In javelin throw (F64 category), the world record is held by India’s Sumit Antil.
– He set a world record with a 73.29-meter throw at the 2022 Asian Para Games in Hangzhou, China.
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17. When is Goa State Day celebrated?
a. 30 May
b. 31 May
c. 29 May
d. 28 May
Answer: a. 30 May
– Located on the western coast of India, Goa attracts tourists with its stunning beaches and rich history.
– Goa was a Portuguese colony for over 450 years.
– In 1961, India liberated it, and it became a Union Territory along with Daman and Diu.
– On May 30, 1987, Goa was granted full statehood, becoming the 25th state of the Indian Union.
– In this context, Goa Statehood Day is celebrated every year on May 30.
Note: Goa Liberation Day is celebrated on December 19. It commemorates the success of Operation Vijay, conducted by the Indian Armed Forces in 1961, to liberate Goa from Portuguese rule.
Quick Facts:
– Capital: Panaji
– Language: Konkani
– Population: 1.4 million (14 lakhs)
– Chief Minister: Pramod Sawant
– Governor: P. S. Sreedharan Pillai
– Neighboring States: Maharashtra, Karnataka
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18. Who became the first Indian to hit 300 sixes in IPL history?
a. Virat Kohli
b. Rohit Sharma
c. MS Dhoni
d. Suryakumar Yadav
Answer: b. Rohit Sharma
– Rohit Sharma created history by hitting the 300th IPL six in the eliminator match against Gujarat Titans (GT) on 30 May 2025.
– He became the second batsman in the world and the first batsman from India to do so.
Most sixes in IPL
Player – Sixes – Number of matches
Chris Gayle – 357 – 142
Rohit Sharma – 300* – 251+
Virat Kohli – 291 – 250+
MS Dhoni – 264 – 250+
AB de Villiers – 251 – 184
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19. When is World No Tobacco Day celebrated?
a. 29 May
b. 30 May
c. 31 May
d. 01 May
Answer: c. 31 May
Theme 2025
– Unmasking the Appeal: Exposing Industry Tactics on Tobacco and Nicotine Products
– This day has been declared by WHO.
– According to WHO, around 8 million people die from tobacco related diseases every year across the world.
– Tobacco use is responsible for many chronic diseases including cancer, lung disease, heart disease and stroke.
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20. Which state has become the first one to make robotics education compulsory for Class 10 students?
a. Kerala
b. Karnataka
c. Bihar
d. Uttar Pradesh
Answer: a. Kerala
– Kerala, under a pioneering initiative, has made robotics education mandatory for all 430,000 Class 10 students starting from the upcoming academic year on June 2. It has become the first state in India to do so.
– This information was shared through an official statement on May 18, 2025.
Robotics Added to the Curriculum
– Robotics has been integrated into the Class 10 ICT textbook, which will benefit students.
– Particularly through Chapter 6 of Part One, titled “The World of Robots”, students will be able to learn the basics of robotics through fun and engaging activities.
What Does Robotics Education Include?
– Anvar Sadath, CEO of KITE and Chairman of the ICT Textbook Committee, stated that the syllabus includes various exciting elements — such as building circuits, using sensors and actuators, and controlling electronic devices using computer programming.
– KITE is the technical arm of Kerala’s General Education Department.
– To ensure proper implementation of this syllabus, KITE has already distributed 29,000 robotics kits to high schools across the state.
Children Will Learn Using Robotics and AI
– In the first activity, students will create a sanitizer machine that automatically starts when a hand is brought near it.
– To build this, students will use a robotics kit that includes small devices such as:
– Arduino board
– IR sensor (to detect the hand)
– Servo motor (to move the machine)
– Breadboard and wires
– Next, they will learn to build a smart home automation system, which includes a face-recognition-based door unlocking system.
– For this, students will use the PictoBlox software and its face detection tool.
– Using a laptop webcam and the Arduino kit provided by KITE, students will create the door-opening mechanism themselves.
– The entire robotics course is designed to help students learn new technologies and apply them to solve real-life problems.
Kerala
– Capital: Thiruvananthapuram
– Governor: Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar
– Chief Minister: Pinarayi Vijayan
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