This is the current affairs of 29 & 30 June 2025. Here are questions and answers of daily current affairs for better preparation of competitive exams for government jobs.
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1. The share of renewable energy in India has increased from 32% in 2014 to what in April 2025?
a. 39%
b. 49%
c. 58%
d. 62%
Answer: b. 49%
Information Shared by Union Minister
– Data on renewable energy was provided by Union Minister of Power and Housing & Urban Affairs, Manohar Lal.
– He attended the regional power conference for eastern states and union territories in Patna on 24 June 2025.
Facts
– The share of renewable energy in India has increased from 32% in 2014 to 49% in April 2025.
– India aims to achieve 50% of its energy from renewable sources by 2030.
– The target is to achieve net-zero emissions by 2070.
– In May 2025, India successfully met its peak power demand of 242 GW.
– India’s maximum electricity demand is estimated to reach 446 GW by 2034–35.
Solar Energy
– The National Solar Mission (2010) and the KUSUM Scheme have promoted solar projects.
– The Bhadla Solar Park (2.2 GW) in Gujarat and other solar parks in Rajasthan are key examples of this growth.
Role of Wind Energy
– Offshore and coastal wind projects in states like Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, and Maharashtra have strengthened this sector.
– The government’s 2022 policy, which set a target of 30 GW offshore wind energy, has encouraged investment in the sector.
Government Policies and Investment
– The Government of India implemented several schemes to promote renewable energy, such as the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme and the Green Hydrogen Mission.
– In 2023–24, there was an investment of $16.5 billion in renewable energy.
– The ‘Make in India’ initiative has supported the manufacturing of solar panels and batteries.
Grid and Storage Challenges
– To integrate renewable energy into the grid, Power Grid Corporation has developed the Green Energy Corridor.
– Investment in battery storage systems has increased, but cost and technological limitations remain major challenges.
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2. In which country has the BRICS Summit 2025 been organized?
a. Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)
b. China (Beijing)
c. Ghana (Accra)
d. India (Mumbai)
Answer: a. Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)
BRICS Summit
– Which Summit: 17th
– When: 5 to 7 July 2025
– Where: Rio de Janeiro
– Prime Minister Narendra Modi left for a visit to five countries during this summit.
– 2 and 3 July: Ghana
– 3 and 4 July: Trinidad and Tobago
– 4 and 5 July: Argentina
– 5 to 7 July: Brazil
– 9 July: Namibia
Note – Chinese President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin will not attend the 17th summit.
Brazil
– Capital: Brasilia
– President: Lula da Silva
– Currency: Real
– Official and national language: Portuguese
– Population: 21.25 crores
– Neighboring countries: French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay
BRICS
– Headquarters: Shanghai, China
– Established: 2009
– It is an organization of 10 important emerging economies.
– This group represents 41 percent of the world’s population.
– BRICS countries account for about 26 percent of the world’s GDP.
– India has chaired the summit three times so far in 2012, 2016 and 2021.
Full form of BRICS:
B – Brazil
R – Russia
I – India
C – China
S – South Africa
Total members of BRICS:
– Brazil
– Russia
– India
– China
– South Africa
– Iran
– Egypt
– Ethiopia
– United Arab Emirates
– Indonesia
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3. PM Modi said in “Mann Ki Baat” program that WHO has declared India free from trachoma, which organ disease is this?
a. Lung disease
b. Heart disease
c. Kidney disease
d. Eye disease
Answer: d. Eye disease
– On 29 June 2025, PM Narendra Modi spoke about this in the “Mann Ki Baat” program.
– However, the World Health Organization (WHO) had already declared India trachoma-free in October 2024 and also presented the official certificate.
– India is the third country in the South-East Asia Region to achieve this milestone.
– Earlier, Bhutan and Nepal had been declared trachoma-free.
About Trachoma
– Trachoma is an infectious eye disease.
– It is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis.
– Globally, it is a leading cause of irreversible blindness, although it is preventable.
– The disease spreads through direct contact with an infected person’s eyes or nose, and also through contaminated objects and poor hygiene practices.
About the World Health Organization (WHO)
– It is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN).
– It is the first global health organization that replaced several regional and national health bodies.
– Established on 7 April 1948, which is now observed annually as World Health Day.
– Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland.
– Membership: UN member states are eligible to become members.
– Currently, WHO has 194 member states, 150 country offices, and six regional offices.
Objectives
– To act as the directing and coordinating authority on international health work.
– To establish and maintain productive partnerships with the United Nations, its agencies, health authorities, and related organizations.
– To assist governments, upon request, in strengthening health services.
– To promote cooperation among scientific and professional groups contributing to health advancement.
– Governance : The World Health Assembly (WHA) is the decision-making body of WHO, attended by delegations from all WHO member countries.
– It is held annually at the WHO headquarters.
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4. When is International Parliamentarism Day observed?
a. 01 July
b. 30 June
c. 28 June
d. 27 June
Answer: b. 30 June
Theme 2025
– Achieving gender equality, action by action
– This day is declared by the United Nations.
– Every year, 30 June is observed as the International Day of Parliamentarism, dedicated to the memory of the formation of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU).
– The IPU was established with the noble aim of promoting democratic governance, enhancing accountability, and encouraging cooperation among national parliaments.
Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
– Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
– Established: 1889
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5. When is International Asteroid Day celebrated?
a. 27 June
b. 28 June
c. 29 June
d. 30 June
Answer: d. 30 June
Why is this day observed?
– It is observed to spread awareness about asteroids and the potential dangers caused by their impact.
What are asteroids?
– Asteroids are small rocky bodies that continuously orbit around the Sun.
– Asteroids generally revolve between the planets Mars and Jupiter.
– There are thousands of asteroids in our solar system.
– As long as it remains in space, it is called an asteroid, but as soon as it enters the Earth’s atmosphere, it is called a meteorite.
Why is Asteroid Day observed on June 30?
– On the morning of June 30, 1908, a massive asteroid impact occurred over Siberia, Russia.
– A large explosion took place near the Tunguska River in Russia.
– A meteorite (asteroid), which appeared as a huge ball of fire, exploded mid-air.
– This explosion released energy 185 times more powerful than the Hiroshima atomic bomb.
– The 1908 explosion destroyed 2,000 square kilometers of forest in Siberia.
– A vast area of forest caught fire, and around 80 million trees were flattened.
– The Earth shook—a 5.0 magnitude earthquake was recorded.
– Windows shattered in a city 60 km away, and tremors were felt up to 500 km.
– To commemorate this historic event and raise awareness of asteroid threats,
– June 30 is observed as International Asteroid Day every year.
India also has a crater lake formed by an asteroid
– This lake is located in Buldhana district of Maharashtra, about 500 kilometers from Mumbai.
– An asteroid struck this region around 50,000 years ago, traveling at a speed of 90,000 km/h.
– The impact created a deep crater, which later became a lake.
– It is believed that the asteroid weighed about one million tons, leading to a massive depression.
– The lake spans 1.85 kilometers in diameter and has a depth of up to 500 feet.
– The water is saline, and oxygen levels drop to near zero just one meter below the surface.
– Lonar Lake has long fascinated scientists across the world and remains an important site for geological research.
– It is a designated National Geological Heritage Monument of India.
How dangerous are asteroids?
– In the future, asteroids are considered one of the greatest threats to our planet, even more than climate change.
– In 2013, an asteroid entered Earth’s atmosphere and exploded over Russia, injuring hundreds of people and causing widespread damage.
– These events highlight the importance of global awareness and preparedness against asteroid threats.
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6. In which state, special intensive revision of voter list started, in which documents of parents were sought from 2.93 crore voters?
a. Bihar
b. Jharkhand
c. Uttar Pradesh
d. Punjab
Answer: a. Bihar
– The Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of Bihar’s voter lists began on 28 June 2025 and will continue till September, ahead of the upcoming state elections at the end of the year.
– Opposition parties have criticized the SIR, calling it more dangerous than the National Register of Citizens (NRC).
– The last such intensive revision in Bihar was done in 2003, with 1 January 2003 as the qualifying date.
Bihar has 7.89 crore voters
– Bihar has 78,969,844 registered voters.
– Out of these, 4.96 crore voters were already listed in the voter rolls during the 2003 SIR.
– These voters only need to fill out and submit a verification form to confirm their identity and remain on the list.
2.93 Crore Voters Asked to Submit Proof of Date and Place of Birth
– According to the guidelines of the Election Commission of India, anyone whose name was not listed in the 2003 voter list must prove their eligibility to be a voter.
– They need to submit proof using various types of valid government documents.
– People born before 1 July 1987 must provide any document certifying their date and place of birth.
– Those born between 1 July 1987 and 2 December 2004 must provide documents certifying their date and place of birth along with proof of at least one parent’s date and place of birth.
– People born after 2 December 2004 need to submit proof of date and place of birth for themselves as well as for both their parents.
Additional Information about Bihar:
– Capital: Patna
– Governor: Arif Mohammad Khan
– Chief Minister: Nitish Kumar
– Language: Hindi
– Population: 13.07 crore (2023)
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7. Which Indian player won the UzChess Cup Masters 2025 title (Chess)?
a. R Praggnanandha
b. D. Gukesh
c. Vantika
d. Arjun Erigaceae
Answer: a. R Praggnanandha
– On 27 June 2025, this victory was achieved in the final of the Uchches Cup Masters 2025 held in Tashkent.
– Praggnanandhaa defeated Uzbekistan’s Nodirbek Abdusattorov in the final round to become India’s number 1 player.
– The 19-year-old Grandmaster’s live rating has reached 2778.3, and his world ranking is now number 4.
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8. In which state was India’s first Butterfly Sanctuary declared?
a. Kerala
b. Tamil Nadu
c. Assam
d. Karnataka
Answer: a. Kerala (Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary in Kannur renamed as Aralam Butterfly Sanctuary)
– On 18 June 2025, the Kerala State Wildlife Board renamed the Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary in Kannur as the Aralam Butterfly Sanctuary.
– This is the first initiative of its kind in the country, spreading over an area of 55 square kilometers amidst the greenery of the Western Ghats.
– More than 266 butterfly species are protected here, including many rare and endangered species.
– The butterfly migration here starts from the last week of December and continues until February.
– Hundreds of butterflies migrate from the higher areas of the sanctuary to the plains following rivers and waterfalls.
– Capital: Thiruvananthapuram
– Governor: Rajendra Arlekar
– Chief Minister: Pinarayi Vijayan
– Language: Malayalam
– Population: 33 million (2011)
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9. When did the Transport Ministry decide to make anti-lock braking system mandatory in two-wheelers?
a. January 2026
b. January 2027
c. January 2028
d. January 2029
Answer: a. January 2026
– The Ministry of Transport has made Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) mandatory for all new two-wheelers manufactured after January, regardless of their engine capacity, to enhance passenger safety.
– The ministry stated in a notification that at the time of purchase of a two-wheeler, the manufacturer will supply two protective headgears that conform to the specifications set by the Bureau of Indian Standards.
– Additionally, from 1 January 2026 onwards, all vehicles of category L2 manufactured will be equipped with ABS compliant with IS14664:2010 standards.
Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS)
– ABS is designed to prevent the wheels from locking during sudden braking, reducing the chances of skidding and accidents.
– According to government data, about 20% of the 1,51,997 road accidents in India in 2022 involved two-wheelers.
Rising fatalities in road accidents
– According to the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) report, 1,68,491 people died in road accidents in 2022, which is higher than the 1,55,622 deaths reported in 2021. This indicates a continued lack of awareness regarding road safety.
– Two-wheeler riders are the most affected group in road accidents. In 2022, over 75,000 people died in bike accidents, accounting for 44% of total road accident fatalities.
– In 2021, this figure was 69,240.
– This means thousands of people lose their lives every year in bike-related accidents alone.
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10. Name the chairman of Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT), whose term has been extended till June 30, 2026?
a. Rajiv Singh
b. Ravi Agarwal
c. Vinod Agarwal
d. Rakesh Ahuja
Answer: b. Ravi Agarwal
– The central government has extended Ravi Agrawal’s tenure as Chairman of the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) until 30 June 2026.
CBDT
– CBDT comes under the Department of Revenue in the Ministry of Finance.
– It is responsible for formulating and implementing policies related to income tax, corporate tax, and other direct taxes.
– The board consists of one Chairman and six members, all of whom hold the rank of Special Secretary.
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