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1. Who became the new Chief Minister of Delhi?
a. Raveena Gupta
b. Rekha Gupta
c. Vijaya Gupta
d. Vandana Kumari
Answer: b. Rekha Gupta
– Rekha Gupta took the oath of office as the Chief Minister of Delhi on February 20, 2025.
– She was sworn in by the Lieutenant Governor of Delhi, Vinay Kumar Saxena.
– She is the ninth Chief Minister of Delhi.
– She is an MLA from the Shalimar Bagh seat in the Delhi Legislative Assembly.
– She has previously served as the Mayor of South Delhi Municipal Corporation.
About Rekha Gupta:
– She was born on July 19, 1974, in Julana, Haryana.
– She is 50 years old and her husband is Manish Gupta.
– She is a graduate.
– Her student politics began in 1994-95.
– In 1996-97, she became the President of Delhi University Students’ Union (DUSU).
– She later became politically involved with the BJP.
– Rekha is associated with the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and BJP.
– She is the General Secretary of Delhi BJP and the National Vice President of BJP Mahila Morcha.
Delhi’s Fourth Female Chief Minister:
– First female CM: Sushma Swaraj, BJP (October 12, 1998 to December 3, 1998) [52 days]
– Second female CM: Sheila Dikshit, Congress (December 3, 1998 to December 28, 2013) [15 years, 25 days]
– Third female CM: Atishi, AAP (September 21, 2024 to February 8, 2025) [4 months, 18 days]
– Fourth female CM: Rekha Gupta, BJP – took oath on February 20, 2025
Delhi Assembly Elections
– Elections when: 5 February 2025
– Voting percentage: Total 60.39%
– Result: 8 February, 2025
– Total seats: 70
– BJP: 48
– Aam Aadmi Party (AAP): 22
– Congress: 0
– BJP has made a spectacular comeback in the Delhi Assembly elections after more than 26 years.
Delhi:
– Lieutenant Governor: Vinay Kumar Saxena
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2. Union Minister Prataprao Jadhav announced that cancer vaccine will be available for women in 5 to 6 months, people of how many years of age will be eligible for vaccination?
a. 5 to 10 years
b. 9 to 16 years
c. 12 to 20 years
d. 16 to 25 years
Answer: b. 9 to 16 years
Prataprao Jadhav: Minister of State for Health, Family Welfare, and Minister of State for AYUSH (Independent Charge)
– According to *The Hindu* newspaper, Union Minister Prataprao Jadhav stated on February 18, 2025, “A vaccine to fight cancers affecting women will be available in five to six months.”
– The vaccine will be available for women between the ages of 9 and 16.
Cancer – A Serious Concern
– Cancer is a severe disease that has become a major health concern worldwide.
– Millions of people lose their lives to this disease every year.
– Data from 2023 reveals that approximately 9 to 10 million people worldwide died from cancer.
– Cervical cancer is rapidly increasing among women globally, causing millions of deaths each year.
Vaccine Final Testing Underway
– Union Minister Prataprao Jadhav mentioned that the research for this vaccine is almost complete, and its testing is in the final stage. This vaccine will tackle breast, mouth, and cervical cancers.
– Particularly, Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary cause of cervical cancer. A vaccine is being developed globally, and an Indian version is also in progress.
What is Cancer?
– Cancer is a disease in which the body’s healthy cells begin to grow abnormally and lose control. These abnormal cells can form tumors (lumps), which can destroy nearby healthy tissues and spread to other parts of the body.
– Cancer can occur in any part of the body, such as the lungs, breast, throat, liver, intestine, etc.
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3. Which country has developed an mRNA-based personalised ‘vaccine’ for cancer, which will be available free of cost to patients in that country?
a. America
b. Japan
c. Russia
d. China
Answer: c. Russia
– Russian President Vladimir Putin stated in February 2025 that Russian scientists are close to developing a vaccine for cancer, which will soon be available for patients.
– According to *The Hindu* newspaper, it was announced in December 2024 that Russia had developed a new, mRNA-based personalized “vaccine” for cancer, which will be available for free to patients in 2025.
– Media reports indicate that pre-clinical trials of the vaccine showed that it suppresses tumor growth and potential metastasis.
What is mRNA cancer ‘vaccine’?
– The technology has gained a lot of attention after it was used to make vaccines during the Covid-19 pandemic.
– Traditional vaccines use weakened or inactivated pathogens introduced into the body to trigger an immune response.
– While mRNA or messenger RNA vaccines provide genetic information that teaches the body’s cells to produce an antigen (a protein or other substance that triggers an immune response), training the immune system to make antibodies against it.
– This information teaches cells how to produce antigens (proteins or other substances that trigger an immune response), so the body can recognize them and generate antibodies against them.
– When these antigens are recognized in cancer cells, the immune system attempts to destroy them.
How Do Vaccines Work?
Note: mRNA cancer vaccines are a form of immunotherapy.
– Immunotherapy is a treatment that uses the body’s immune system to treat cancer and autoimmune diseases.
– It is a form of biological medicine. There are several types of immunotherapy, and they work in different ways.
– Types of immunotherapy: Checkpoint inhibitor drugs, immune stimulants, CAR T-cell therapy, oncolytic virus therapy.
Vaccines are Only for Cancer Patients
– mRNA cancer vaccines are not meant for healthy individuals to prevent disease, like other vaccines. They are intended for patients who already have cancer, to target and treat the tumor.
– This treatment is designed to target specific antigens found in each patient’s tumor, making it more personalized and potentially more effective.
– For example, the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine targets a single antigen—the coronavirus spike protein—while the cancer mRNA vaccine can be designed to target multiple antigens.
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4. Which state unveiled India’s first dedicated Global Capability Centre (GCC) policy?
a. Rajasthan
b. Uttar Pradesh
c. Madhya Pradesh
d. Bihar
Answer: c. Madhya Pradesh
GCC Meaning: Global Capability Center
– Madhya Pradesh is the first state in the country to have a dedicated Global Capability Centre (GCC) policy.
– It aims to make the state a leading hub for global innovation and collaboration.
– The policy was unveiled ahead of Madhya Pradesh’s biennial Global Investor Summit in Bhopal on February 24-25, 2025.
– However, according to reports, Karnataka also launched a similar GCC policy draft in 2024.
What Will the GCC Policy 2025 Include?
– This policy provides incentives for capital expenditure, salaries, skill development, and research & development, with a dedicated nodal agency responsible for its implementation.
– The policy focuses on sectors like IT, finance, engineering, human resources, and new technologies, with special emphasis on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and cybersecurity.
Cities Where Development Will Be Promoted
– This is a new policy, which is India’s first specific plan to promote the development of GCC in Tier-2 cities (Bhopal, Indore, and Gwalior).
Objective:
– The goal of this policy is to attract more than 50 GCC companies and create over 37,000 job opportunities, establishing Madhya Pradesh as a major hub in IT/ITES, advanced analytics, research, and digital transformation.
How Many Units Are There in the State?
– Madhya Pradesh has five Special Economic Zones (SEZs), more than 15 IT parks, and over 150 Electronics System Design and Manufacturing (ESDM) units in major cities like Indore, Bhopal, and Jabalpur, showcasing the state’s strong infrastructure.
Madhya Pradesh
– Capital: Bhopal
– Chief Minister: Mohan Yadav
– Population: 8.77 Crore (2011)
– Neighboring States: Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan.
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5. C Krishnaveni, veteran actress and producer of which language cinema, passed away on 16 February 2025?
a. telugu cinema
b. hindi cinema
c. Kannada cinema
d. malayalam cinema
Answer: a. telugu cinema
– Krishna Veni, born in West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, made her acting debut in 1938 with the film *Kaccha Devyani* and acted in over 40 films. She was 100 years old.
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6. Which company introduced the Internet sub-sea cable project ‘Waterworth’, which will become the world’s longest sub-sea cable project?
a. subcom
b. meta
c. Google
d. reliance
Answer: b. meta
– Meta has introduced its Internet Subsea Cable Project, *Waterworth*, which will exceed 50,000 kilometers in length.
– It will provide better connectivity to the United States, India, Brazil, South Africa, and other locations.
– This information was revealed in February 2025.
– The investment in this project is worth billions of dollars and will span several years, aiming to bring AI access to users around the world.
Growth of Digital Infrastructure in India:
– Meta stated that significant growth and investment have already been made in India’s digital infrastructure. The *Waterworth* project will accelerate this progress and support major plans for the country’s digital economy.
At What Depth Will the Cables Be Laid?
– Meta also mentioned that it has already developed over 20 subsea cables in collaboration with its partners. Under the *Waterworth* project, cables will be laid at a depth of 7,000 meters.
– Special measures will be taken to secure these cables, especially in areas where the risk of damage is higher.
Many Services Will Become Easier:
– “Subsea cable projects like *Waterworth* are an essential part of global digital infrastructure.”
– Over 95% of intercontinental internet traffic travels through cables laid under the oceans.
– This enables smooth digital communication, video experiences, online transactions, and many other services.
About Meta:
– Meta (formerly Facebook) is a leading American technology company known for social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, and Oculus.
– Mark Zuckerberg is the founder, chairman, and CEO of Meta, which he originally established in 2004 as Facebook.
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7. Which Indian was awarded ‘The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire’ (Civil Division) of the United Kingdom in February 2025?
a. Sundar Pichai
b. Mukesh Ambani
c. N. chandrasekaran
d. Gautam Adani
Answer: c. N. Chandrasekaran (President of Tata Sons)
– This is an esteemed honorary citizenship award given to foreign nationals.
– Chandrasekaran was honored with the honorary DBE/KBE for his services in UK/India trade relations.
– He was awarded France’s highest civilian honor, the Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur, in May 2023.
Services of the Tata Group in Trade Relations:
– The Tata Group shared on X, “We are extremely proud of the deep and strong strategic relationships we have maintained with the UK in sectors such as technology, consumer, hospitality, steel, chemicals, and automobiles.”
– It further added, “We are very proud of our iconic British brands like Jaguar Land Rover and Tetley. We employ over 70,000 people in the UK. Additionally, we enjoy valuable and world-class research and academic partnerships with the country’s leading institutions, including the University of Oxford, London School of Economics, Warwick University, and Swansea University.”
Natarajan Chandrasekaran / N. Chandrasekaran:
– He is 59 years old.
– N. Chandrasekaran is an Indian businessman.
– He is the President of Tata Sons.
– He has also been the chairman of Tata Motors and Tata Global Beverages (TGB).
Britain’s Honorary Knighthood:
– The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is also known as the British Knighthood.
– This honor is bestowed by the King of the UK.
– It is one of the highest honors in the UK.
– The KBE, awarded for outstanding contribution in any field of activity, is given to foreign nationals in an honorary capacity.
– While knighthood conferred on British citizens grants them the title of ‘Sir’ or ‘Dame,’ non-British citizens who receive the honor add KBE (or DBE for women) to their name.
Note: The current King of the UK is Charles III.
United Kingdom:
– Prime Minister: Keir Starmer.
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8. When is International Child Cancer Day celebrated?
a. 12 February
b. 13 February
c. 14 February
d. 15 February
Answer: d. 15 February
— This day was first observed in 2002 by Childhood Cancer International.
– The most common types of childhood cancer include leukemia, brain cancer, lymphoma, solid tumors like neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, and bone tumors.
Note: World Cancer Day is observed every year on 4th February.
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9. When is World Hippo Day celebrated?
a. 12 February
b. 13 February
c. 14 February
d. 15 February
Answer: d. 15 February
– The hippopotamus (hippo) is one of the most endangered large mammals.
– Today, the population of hippopotamuses is estimated to be between 115,000 and 130,000 worldwide.
Note: World Environment Day is celebrated globally on June 5th.
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10. When is World Social Justice Day celebrated?
a. 18 February
b. 19 February
c. 20 February
d. 21st February
Answer: c. 20 February
– World Social Justice Day is celebrated every year on 20th February.
– It was declared by the United Nations General Assembly in 2007.
– It was first observed in 2008.
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